A Study on Litter Productivity and Leaf Decomposition of Robusta Coffee (Coffea canephora Pierre) in the Plantation Area of Politeknik Negeri Jember
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19184/bioedu.v23i2.53740Keywords:
decomposition rate, litterfall, robusta coffeeAbstract
Litter productivity and decomposition are essential ecological processes influencing nutrient cycling and soil fertility in coffee-based agroecosystems. This study aimed to evaluate litter productivity and the decomposition rate of Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) leaf litter in the plantation area of Jember State Polytechnic, East Java, Indonesia. The site is located at 89 meters above sea level, with a tropical monsoon climate, an average temperature of 26–28°C, and annual rainfall of approximately 2,200 mm. Litter was collected weekly for 12 weeks using 1 m² litter traps, while decomposition was analyzed using the litter bag method with three leaf size treatments (P1: 51–70 cm², P2: 31–50 cm², P3: 10–30 cm²) and three concentrations of EM4 (K1: 5 mL, K2: 10 mL, K3: 20 mL). The study applied a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors, three levels each, and three replications. The highest litter productivity (18.07 g/m²/week) was recorded in the third week, coinciding with high rainfall and temperature. While neither leaf size nor EM4 concentration alone had a significant effect on decomposition, their interaction significantly influenced the decomposition rate, with the P3K3 treatment (smallest leaf size and highest EM4 concentration) showing the highest rate (2.3%). Compost color reached maturity (black) between the 8th and 10th week, although the C/N ratio remained above the Indonesian national compost standard (SNI 19-7030-2004), indicating incomplete decomposition. These findings highlight the importance of treatment combinations and environmental conditions in managing litter decomposition to enhance soil fertility and organic matter recycling in Robusta coffee plantations.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Setyo Andi Nugroho, Eva Rosdiana, Abdurrahman Salim, Fandyka yufriza Ali, Virman Maulana Yahya, Ika Lia Novenda, Mira Herawati Soekamto
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